Yamakoshi, Yasuhiro. 2012. "Three Folktales in Shinekhen Buryat". Asian and African Languages and Linguistics. 6, 109-136. (https://doi.org/10.15026/69376)所収.
Yamakoshi, Yasuhiro. 2012. "Three Folktales in Shinekhen Buryat". Asian and African Languages and Linguistics. 6, 109-136. (https://doi.org/10.15026/69376)
録音: 2002-08-28/中国内モンゴル自治区フルンボイル市エウェンキ族自治旗シネヘン西ソム(中国内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔市鄂温克族自治旗锡尼河西苏木); Included in this database on 2021-03-31.
Recording: 2002-08-28/Shinekhen West sum, Ewenke autonomous banner, Hulunbuir city, Inner Mongolia, PRC.
70歳になった老人を殺す国があった。王はとても裕福でいくつもの倉を持っており,そこに穀物が貯蔵されていた。しかしその穀物が夜な夜な盗まれる。王は見張りを置くが,見張りを置くたびにその見張りは殺される。そうしてある少年に見張りの順番が回ってきた。その少年は父親が70歳を越えていたのだが,殺すことができずに匿っていたのだった。少年は父親から「ネコを連れていけ」と助言をもらい,見張りにつく。じつは穀物を盗んでいたのは大ネズミだった。ネコはネズミを退治し,倉は守られた。王は少年にどうやって退治したのかを尋ねた。そこで少年は,父親から助言を受けたことを明かす。それ以降,老人を殺すことはなくなったという。
There was a country where the people killed the elderly when they reached seventy years of age. The king of the country was so rich that he had many warehouses. However, the grain in his warehouses was stolen every night. Then, the king set a guard. However, every time he set a guard, the guard was killed. One day, the king ordered a boy to watch the warehouses. The boy's father was over seventy. He loved his father, so he could not kill him. When the boy went to watch, his father told him to take a cat. Thanks to his father's advice, the boy could kill the creature (rat) and came back safely. After that, people stopped killing the elderly.
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biisʲam-dajaa-ja,enenas-tai xun-iial-dagbai-g-aaturuundal-daxur-bel.
1SG:NOM2SG-DATdo.what-1:OPTthisage-PROPperson-ACCkill-PTCP.HBTbe-E-PTCP.IPFVtopseventy-DATreach-CVB.COND
私はお前に,どうしようか。この,老人を殺していたんだかつては。70歳になると。
What will I do for you? Well, people have killed the elderly who become seventy years old
deereuje-d-ee =sʲetee =dee.
upperperiod-DAT-REFL =SFP =SFP
昔のことだよ。
many years ago.
tʲeedenehuul-dejaa-g-aadal-x-aabɔlʲ-hɔnge-hennegedɔmɔgbai-na.
thenthistail-DATdo.what-E-CVB.PFVkill-PTCP.FUTstop-PTCP.PFVsay.that-PTCP.PFVonestorybe-IND.PRS
そしてどうして殺すのをやめたのかというと,一つの言い伝えがある。
Then, there is the story of why they have stopped killing at last.
biitern-iijisʲam-da xel-zʲeug-je.
1SG:NOMthat-ACC2SG-DATtell-CVB.IPFVgive-1:OPT
私はそのことをお前に話してやろう。
I will tell you that story.
erteorʲdasag-ta,negegazar-tanegexaanbai-g-aa =jum =buddee.
earlybeforeperiod-DAToneplace-DAToneking:NOMbe-E-PTCP.IPFV =MOD =SFP
昔々,あるところに王がいたんだ。
A long, long time ago, a king ruled a country.
ixebajanxun.
greatrichman:NOM
とても裕福だった。
(He was) a very rich man.
ixehambaar#saŋxoo-daixebodaa-taige-ne.
greatwarehouse#storehouse-DATgreatgrain-PROPsay.that-IND.PRS
大きな倉を持ち,穀物を貯めていたそうな。
It is said that he had abundunt grain in his big storehouse.
ii-g-eedterebodaa-jii =nsunʲ burʲɔdɔɔnegejumxolgoo-zʲaid-ne.
do.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFVthatgrain-ACC =3:POSSnighteverynowonething:NOMsteal-IPFV.PFVeat-IND.PRS
その穀物を夜な夜な何かが盗む。
Then, someone secretly eats his grain every night.
teremanaa-sʲantabʲ-na.
3SG:NOMguard-ACTR:INDFset-IND.PRS
彼は見張りを置く。
He deploys a guardsman.
manaa-sʲantabʲ-xa,manaa-sʲan-ii =nidʲ-sʲexʲ-ɔɔdbai-na.
guard-ACTR:INDFset-PTCP.FUTguard-ACTR-ACC =3:POSSeat-PFV-CVB.PFVbe-IND.PRS
見張りを置く。見張りを食べてしまう。
When he sets the guardsman, the guardsman is eaten.
manaa-sʲan-tainege-deidʲ-sʲxʲe-ne.
guard-ACTR-PROPone-DATeat-PFV-IND.PRS
見張りと一緒に(穀物を)食べてしまう。
(Someone) eats grain with the guardsman.
tii-g-eedneriinɔlɔnxunsunʲ#sunʲxunman-aad =leid-uul-eed =lebai-na.
do.in.that.way-E-CVB.PFVverymanyman:NOMnight#RDPman:NOMwatch-CVB.PFV =FOCeat-CVB.CAUS.PFV =FOCbe-IND.PRS
そしてかなり多くの人間が夜な夜な見張りをしては食われているという。
Many people watched (the warehouse), and they would be eaten.
ii-g-eed =lexun-iieelzʲel-eed =ledood#dood-ahaartere =sʲexaanaux-xe-gui =jum =dee.
do.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFV =FOCman-ACCshift-CVB.PFV =FOCcall#RDP-CVB.DURthat:NOM =FOCwheredie-PTCP.FUT-NEG =MOD =SFP
人々が代わる代わる呼び出されて,それで死なないわけがあろうか。
In this way, (he) continues calling and changing the guards, but where exists a man who cannot die? (Everyone who guards must die.)
ɔdɔɔmunɵɵdermargaasʲ enenam-ajiig-eed =ledood-aadsaŋxooman-ool-na.
nowtodaytomorrowthis1SG-ACCsay.that-CVB.PFV =FOCcall-CVB.PFVwarehouse:INDFwatch-CAUS-IND.PRS
私は今日か明日かと,王は(人々を)呼びつけて見張りをさせる。
(The king) called the people to watch the warehouse, day after day.
ii-g-eed jab-ahaar#jab-ahaarnegexubuun-deɔdɔɔnɔɔ-gdɔ-zʲai-na.
do.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFVgo-CVB.DUR#RDP-CVB.DURoneboy-DATnowhit-PASS-PROG-IND.PRS
こうしてある少年に(順番が)当たった。
In this way, time passed, and one day, a boy was called.
saŋxoomana-xaterexubuun =buddee,
warehousewatch-PTCP.FUTthatboy:NOM =SFP
倉を守るんだ。その少年が。
The boy was to watch the warehouse.
ab =inɔdɔɔdalgaroinahal-aadɔdɔɔal-xa-haaxairl-aadnʲoo-g-aadbai-g-aage-ne.
father:NOM =3:POSSnowseventyaboutgrow.old-CVB.PFVnowkill-PTCP.FUT-ABLlove-CVB.PFVhide-E-CVB.PFVbe-E-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-IND.PRS
彼の父親は70歳を越えていたが,彼は殺すことができずに匿っていたそうな。
His father was to be seventy years old; however, the boy couldn't kill his father. So, he had hidden his father.
ɔdɔɔerʲ-eebai-bal al-na,naha-tai-jii.
nowfind-PTCP.IPFVbe-CVB.CONDkill-IND.PRSage-PROP-ACC
見つかったら殺す。老人を。
If someone finds the father, the elderly person must be killed.
aba-j-aanʲoo-g-aadbai-zʲaii-g-eedxaan-aisaŋxoo mana-xaɔsʲ-xɔbɔl-ɔɔ.
father-ACC-REFLhide-E-CVB.PFVbe-CVB.IPFVdo.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFVking-GENwarehouse:INDF watch-PTCP.FUTreach-PTCP.FUTbecome-PTCP.IPFV
父親を匿っていたが,見張りに行くことになった。
The boy who hid his father was to watch the warehouse.
ɔsʲ-hɔnxunamʲidair-deg-gui.
reach-PTCP.PFVman:NOMalivecome-PTCP.HBT-NEG
行った者は生きては帰らない。
All the men who had watched had never come back.
ii-g-eedaba-d-aaxel-ee =jum =buddee.
do.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFVfather-DAT-REFLtell-PTCP.IPFV =MOD =SFP
こうして父親に言ったんだ。
Then, he told his father.
biiɔdɔɔjab-xabɔl-bɔ =bʲ.
1SG:NOMnowgo-PTCP.FUTbecome-IND.PST =1SG
「私は行くことになりました」
I have to go now.
ɔdɔɔamʲidaerge-zʲesʲad-xa-gui.
nowalivereturn-CVB.IPFVbe.able.to-PTCP.FUT-NEG
「生きては戻れません」
I will not be able to return safely.
ii-xe-de =nab =inxel-eege-ne.
do.in.this.way-PTCP.FUT-DAT =3:POSSfather:NOM =3:POSStell-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-IND.PRS
すると父親は言ったそうな。
Then, his father told (to him).
sʲiimɔɔr ,(mɔɔrmed-ne =buddee,mii,) mɔɔrab-aadɔsʲ-ii =sʲge-zʲexel-eege-ne.
2SG:NOMcat:INDFcat:INDFknow-IND.PRS =SFPkitten:INDFcat:INDFtake-CVB.PFVreach-2SG:OPT =2SGsay.that-CVB.IPFVtell-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-IND.PRS
「お前は猫,猫を持っていけ」と言ったそうな。
You take the cat.' ('You know moor, don't you? It's mii.')
zaa,tʲeedab-aiŋ-gaaug-eernegemɔɔrtʲebr-eed =leɔdɔɔsunʲmanaan-dagar-zʲa,manaan-dagar-aadbai-xa-datʲeesʲ =innegebuduujumtursʲegen-eed =leir-eege-ne.
INTJthenfather-GEN-REFLword-INSonecat:INDFhold-CVB.PFV =FOCnownightguard-DATgo.out-CVB.IPFVguard-DATgo.out-CVB.PFVbe-PTCP.FUT-DATover.there =3:POSSonebigthing:NOMsound.mysteriously-CVB.PFV =FOCcome-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-IND.PRS
さあ,そして父親の言ったとおりに猫を抱いて夜に見張りに出て,見張りに出ていると遠くのほうである大きなものが妙な音を出して近づいてきたそうな。
Then following his father's advice, the boy went to keep guard with a cat. When he was watching, something big came to him with a mysterious sound.
exʲe =ntereab =inxel-ee,sʲiimɔɔr-ɔɔtereuje-detabʲ-aaraige-zʲe.
first =3:POSSthatfather:NOM =3:POSStell-PTCP.IPFV2SG:NOMcat-REFLthatperiod-DATset-2SG:FUT.OPTsay.that-CVB.IPFV
彼の父親はこうも言っていた。猫をそのときに放せ,と。
His father had said before, 'If such a matter occurs, you set your cat.'
zaaterebuduujumir-xe-de =lemɔɔr-j-ɔɔtabʲ-zʲa,
INTJthatbigthing:NOMcome-PTCP.FUT-DAT =FOCcat-ACC-REFLset-CVB.IPFV
さあその大きなものが来たので猫を放して
When the big thing came, he set his cat.
zaamɔɔr =innegejum-teenɔsɔ-ld-ɔɔd =lesʲilsʲalge-zʲezʲeg-teejumbɔl-ɔɔ.
INTJcat:NOM =3:POSSonething-PROPattack-RCP-CVB.PFV =FOCONMONMsay.that-CVB.IPFVbizarre-PROPthingbecome-PTCP.IPFV
猫はそれと組みあって格闘した。
The cat fought with that creature, with a curious sound like 'shil, shal!'
terexubuunbahaxazʲoo-haaxamh-aa(d)sɔxʲ-ɔɔ =jum =buddee.
thatboy:NOMalsoside-ABLcooperate-CVB.PFVhit-PTCP.IPFV =MOD =SFP
少年も横から手助けして叩いた。
The boy also hit the creature.
ii-ge-xe-de =nbuduunɔdɔɔxolagananbai-g-aa.
do.in.this.way-PTCP.FUT-DAT =3:POSSbignowrat:NOMbe-E-PTCP.IPFV
その大きなものはネズミだった。
Then, he found that the big creature was a rat.
teren-eimoor-taj-aaxamh-aa(d)al-zʲ-ɔrxʲ-ɔɔ.
3SG-GENcat-COM-REFLcooperate-CVB.PFVkill-CVB.IPFV-PTCP.PFV.IPFV
彼は猫とともにネズミを殺した。
Cooperating with his cat, he killed the rat.
tii-g-eedmargaasʲerte =nbɔl-xɔ-dɔenexubuunamʲdaj-aa,tarʲaan-aisaŋxoo =nxolgaibahaɔr-ɔɔ-gui.
do.in.that.way-E-CVB.PFVtomorrowearly =3:POSSbecome-PTCP.FUT-DATthisboy:NOMbe.alive-PTCP.IPFVgrain-GENwarehouse:INDF =3:POSSthief:NOMalsoenter-PTCP.IPFV-NEG
そして次の日,この少年が生きていて,なおかつ穀物倉も盗みに遭わなかった。
Then the next morning, this boy was alive and the warehouse was also safe.
enexubuunbahaux-ee-guibai-g-aage-ne.
thisboy:NOMalsodie-PTCP.IPFV-NEGbe-E-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-IND.PRS
この少年も死んでいない。
This boy was also alive.
ii-g-eed =inxungaixa-xa-gui-d-aajaa-g-aad sʲiiii-zʲetereamʲtan-dabarʲ-ool-han-guiamʲda-jaagar-aa =b =sʲa.
do.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFV =3:POSSman:NOMsurprise-PTCP.FUT-NEG-DAT-REFLdo.what-E-CVB.PFV2SG:NOMdo.in.this.way-CVB.IPFVthatcreature-DATcatch-CAUS-PTCP.PFV-NEGalive-REFLgo.out-PTCP.IPFV =Q =2SG
こうして人々は驚いて,「お前はどうやって化け物を退治して生きて出てきたのか」
The people were surprised, 'Why were you alive, not being eaten by the creature?'
tii-g-eednegebuduunenexolagananux-sʲe-henen-iijibiial-aa =bʲ.
do.in.that.way-E-CVB.PFVonebigthisrat:NOMdie-PFV-PTCP.PFVthis-ACC1SG:NOMkill-PTCP.IPFV =1SG
すると少年は「この大きい,このネズミが死んだ。これをおれが殺した」
Then, the boy (answered), 'This rat died. I killed it.'
ɔdɔɔjaa-g-aadal-aa =b =sʲa.
nowdo.what-E-CVB.PFVkill-PTCP.IPFV =Q =2SG
「どうやって殺したんだ?」
'How did you kill it?'
tii-g-eedterexubuunxel-eege-ne.
do.in.that.way-E-CVB.PFVthatboy:NOMtell-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-IND.PRS
すると少年は言った。
Then, he told them.
biiaba-j-aanʲoo-g-aadbai-g-aa =ham =bi,xairl-aad.
1SG:NOMfather-ACC-REFLhide-E-CVB.PFVbe-E-PTCP.IPFV =PFV =1SGlove-CVB.PFV
「おれは父親を匿っていたんだ。愛しくて」
'I have hidden my father secretly, because I love my father.'
ɔdɔɔnaha-taibɔl-ɔɔ,al-xaxemzʲee-txur-ee.
nowage-PROPbecome-PTCP.IPFVkill-PTCP.FUTlevel-PROPreach-PTCP.IPFV
「年を取って殺さねばならなくなった」
'Now he became old (and) was to be killed.'
ii-g-eedaba =mniarga-jiizaa-zʲaug-ɵɵ.
do.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFVfather:NOM =1SG:POSSway-ACCteach-CVB.IPFVgive-PTCP.IPFV
「その父親がおれに策を教えてくれた」
'This is the way my father taught me.'
mɔɔrab-aadɔsʲge-zʲe.
cat:INDFtake-CVB.PFVreach(2SG:OPT)say.that-CVB.IPFV
「『ネコを持っていけ』と」
''Take a cat,' he said.'
biitʲeedmɔɔr-teeire-hentol-daeneamʲtan-iijidiil-ee =bʲge-zʲe.
1SG:NOMthencat-PROPcome-PTCP.PFVso.that-DATthiscreature-ACCwin-PTCP.IPFV =1SGsay.that-CVB.IPFV
「おれは猫と見張りについてこの化け物に勝ったんだ」と。
'Then, I came with a cat. This is why I won the creature.'
zaaii-g-eeden-eheexɔisʲɔ,teregazar-taɔdɔɔnas-taixun-iijial-x-aabɔlʲ-ɔɔge-ne.
INTJdo.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFVthis-ABLbackthatplace-DATnowage-PROPman-ACCkill-PTCP.FUTstop-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-IND.PRS
さあこうしてこれより後,その地では老人を殺すことをやめたそうな。
It is said that after that, people in that place stopped killing the elderly.
tii-g-ee =sʲeal-x-aabɔlʲ-hɔnge-ne.
do.in.that.way-E-PTCP.IPFV =2SG:POSSkill-PTCP.FUT-REFLstop-PTCP.PFVsay.that-IND.PRS
こうして,殺すのをやめた。
In this way, (the people) stopped killing (the elderly).
ha,ha,ha,ha,dooh-aa.
(laughing)finish-PTCP.IPFV
ははは,おしまい。
Hahaha, that's all.
山越康裕/ YAMAKOSHI, Yasuhiro
東京外国語大学AA研
ILCAA, TUFS
トップページ / Top > テネグ・タリブ / Teneg Talib