Yamakoshi, Yasuhiro. 2012. "Three Folktales in Shinekhen Buryat". Asian and African Languages and Linguistics. 6, 109-136. （https://doi.org/10.15026/69376）所収.
Yamakoshi, Yasuhiro. 2012. "Three Folktales in Shinekhen Buryat". Asian and African Languages and Linguistics. 6, 109-136. （https://doi.org/10.15026/69376）
録音: 2002-08-28/中国内モンゴル自治区フルンボイル盟エウェンキ族自治旗シネヘン西ソム（中国内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔盟鄂温克族自治旗锡尼河西苏木）; Included in this database on 2021-03-31.
Recording: 2002-08-28/Shinekhen West sum, Ewenke autonomous banner, Hulunbuir city, Inner Mongolia, PRC.
白黒ぶちの牝牛を飼っている老夫婦がいた。ある雨の夜，泥棒とトラがそれぞれ牝牛を狙って忍び寄っていた。老夫婦はこの世の中で怖いものは何か話している。おじいさんはトラが怖いというが，おばあさんは「あまもり」が怖いという。貧しい家に暮らしていたので雨が降ると雨漏りがするのだ。トラはそれを聞いて「自分よりも怖い『あまもり』とはなんて恐ろしいものなんだ」と思う。老夫婦が寝静まったのちに泥棒はこっそり白黒模様の生き物に飛びつく。じつはそれはトラだった。急に飛びつかれたトラは「これが『あまもり』か！？」と慌てて逃げだす。泥棒は必死にしがみつく。そして走り続けて，トラはとある地の人々につかまり，尻尾を切られて放される。そこは王がいない地で，占い師は「虎に乗った男が来るのでその男を王にせよ」と予言した。占い師の言ったとおりに虎に乗った泥棒が来たので，人々は泥棒に王になれと頼む。泥棒はこっそり逃げ出すが，途中でトラの群れに見つかって木の上に逃げる。トラが一頭一頭上に乗り，いよいよ泥棒がつかまりそうになった時，泥棒は一番下のトラが尻尾が短いことに気づく。「おれが『あまもり』だぞ！」というとトラは驚いて散り散りになった。そこに人々が泥棒を探しにやってきて，とうとう泥棒は王になったのだった。
There was an old man and old woman with a spotted cow. One rainy night, a thief came to their house to steal the spotted cow. At the same time, a tiger came to their house to eat the spotted cow. The old man and old woman were talking and saying that “leaking” was the most terrible thing. The tiger did not know what leaking was. After the old man and old woman fell asleep, the thief approached the spotted one, which was the tiger. When the thief caught the tiger, the tiger ran away because he thought that “leaking” had attacked him. The tiger with the thief on his back was caught by the people of that place. The people thought that the thief should be their king. However, the thief was afraid of becoming a king. So he ran away but encountered tigers. He was about to be eaten, but he found the big tiger and said, “I am leaking!” The tigers were surprised and ran away. After that, he ascended the throne.
テキスト
Text
217sec
erʲee-gsʲe unʲee-teeubgenemgenxɔjɔrbai-zʲage-n =ee.
spotted-FEMcow-PROPold.man:NOMold.woman:NOMtwobe-CVB.IPFVsay.that-PRS =SFP
白黒の牝牛を飼っているおじいさんとおばあさんがいるそうな。
An old man and his wife lived with a spotted cow.
enenegenulʲger =dee.
thisonefolktale =SFP
これはある話だよ。
That is this folktale.
erteorʲd-iinsag-ta =sʲetee.
earlybefore-GENtime-DAT =SFP
昔々のこと
Long time before,
negeerʲee-gsʲeunʲee-teeubgenemgenxɔjɔrbai-zʲee.
onespotted-FEMcow-PROPold.man:NOMold.woman:NOMtwobe-PST
一頭のまだら模様の牝牛を飼っているおじいさんとおばあさんがいたそうな。
An old man and his wife lived with a spotted cow.
ii-g-eedterenegeɔrɔibɔrɔɔ(n)ixeɔr-zʲai-g-aage-ne.
do.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFVthatonenightrain:NOMgreatcome-PROG-E-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-PRS
ある晩，大雨が降っていたそうな。
One night, it kept raining so much.
bɔrɔɔ-teeɔrɔi.
rain-PROPnight
雨降りの晩。
Rainy night.
tereerʲee-gsʲeunʲee-ji =nxoloo-xoge-xenegexolagai-sʲangazaair-ee =buddee.
thatspotted-FEMcow-ACC =3:POSSsteal-PTCP.FUTsay.that-PTCP.FUTonetheft-ACTR:NOMoutsidecome-PTCP.IPFV =SFP
そのまだら模様の牝牛を盗もうと一人の泥棒が外に来ていた。
A thief came to steal the cow.
tedeen-ei =nonta-x-iiji =nxulʲee-zʲai-na.
3PL:GEN =3:POSSspeep-PTCP.FUT-ACC =3:POSSwait-PROG-PRS
彼らの寝るのを待っている。
He waited for them to sleep.
daxʲaadnegebarsa,barsair-eederʲee-gsʲeunʲee-ji =nidʲ-xege-zʲexulʲee-zʲai-na.
againonetiger:NOMtiger:NOMcome-CVB.PFVspotted-FEMcow-ACC =3:POSSeat-PTCP.FUTsay.thatwait-PROG-PRS
さらに一頭のトラが来て，まだらの牝牛を食べようと待っていた。
At that time, one tiger was there. He waited to eat the spotted cow.
tʲii-g-eed =leerteubgenemgenxɔjɔrjarʲa-lsa-zʲai-nage-ne.
do.in.that.way-E-CVB.PFV =FOCearlyold.man:NOMold.woman:NOMtwotalk-RCP-PROG-PRSsay.that-PRS
そんなとき，おじいさんとおばあさんが話していたそうな。
This morning, the old man and woman talked to each other.
ɔdɔɔubgen =inxel-zʲai-nage-n =ee,barsa =leaimsʲag-tee =daage-zʲe.
nowold.man:NOM =3:POSStell-PROG-PRSsay.that-PRS =SFPtiger:NOM =FOCfear-PROP =SFPsay.that-CVB.IPFV
おじいさんは話している。「トラはおそろしいよ」と。
The old man told the old woman, 'I'm afraid of a tiger.'
tʲii-xe-de =nemgen =inxel-zʲai-nage-n =ee,barsa =sʲebarsabai-na =daajaa-xa =b.
do.in.that.way-PTCP.FUT-DAT =3:POSSold.woman:NOM =3:POSStell-PROG-PRSsay.that-PRS =SFPtiger:NOM =FOCtiger:NOMbe-PRS =SFPdo.what-PTCP.FUT =Q
するとおばあさんは言う。「トラはトラですよ。なんてことはない」
The old woman told him, 'A tiger is a tiger. That's no matter.'
biigɔɔzʲ-dɔg-ɔhɔɔ =leixeai-zʲai-nage-n =eeɔdɔɔger =injadoojum =sʲnijer-iinbɔrɔɔ(n)ɔr-xɔ-dɔgɔɔzʲ-ɔɔ =sʲetee,ix-eer
1SG:NOMleak-PTCP.HBT-ABL =FOCgreatfear-PROG-PRSsay.that-PRS =SFPnowhouse:NOM =3:POSSpoorthing =2SG:POSSusual-GENrain:NOMcome-PTCP.FUT-DAT leak-PTCP.IPFV =SFPgreat-INS
「私は『あまもり』が怖いですよ」。その家は貧しいのでいつも雨が降ると雨漏りしたのだ。たいそう。
'I'm very afraid of leaking, only the leaking.' They're too poor to repair our house, so their house always leaks heavily whenever it rains.
gɔɔzʲ-dɔg-ɔhɔɔ =leai-na =bʲ =daage-zʲexel-eege-ne.
leak-PTCP.HBT-ABL =FOCfear-PRS =1SG =SFPsay.that-CVB.IPFVtell-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-PRS
「『あまもり』がとてもこわいですよ」と言ったそうな。
'I'm greatly afraid of leaking,' she said.
ii-g-eedbarsabɔd-zʲai-nage-ne.
do.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFVtiger:NOMthink-PROG-PRSsay.that-PRS
こうしてトラは考えた。
Then the tiger thought,
ajaa,ene =sʲnibarsanam-ahaaxesuugɔɔzʲ-dɔgge-zʲejamarxesuuaimsʲig-teejumbai-g-aag-eesʲe =deege-zʲe =deebɔd-zʲai-zʲaxebt-eege-ne.
INTJthis =2SG:POSStiger1SG-ABLtoughleak-PTCP.HBTsay.that-CVB.IPFVhowtoughfear-PROPthingbe-E-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-CVB.CNCS =SFPsay.that-CVB.IPFV =SFPthink-PROG-CVB.IPFVlie-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-PRS
「なんと，こいつはおれさまトラよりもすごい「アマモリ」とはなんておそろしいやつなんだろうか」と思いながら横になったそうな。
'Oh-oh, they said that it was more terrible than me. What a terrible thing 'leaking' is!' he thought and lay down.
ii-g-eedtedexɔjɔr =sʲeubgenemgenxɔjɔronta-aajanza-teebɔl-ɔɔge-ne.
do.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFV3PL:NOMtwo =FOCold.man:NOMold.woman:NOMtwosleep-PTCP.IPFVsituation-PROPbecome-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-PRS
こうしておじいさんとおばあさんの二人も寝たようだった。
The old man and old woman seemed to fall asleep.
ii-xe-deterexolagai-sʲan,ord-aanegeerʲeenjumxebte-zʲai-xa-daunʲeen =inge-zʲebɔd-ɔɔdxolagai-sʲanii-g-eedaba-sʲ-ɔɔge-neerʲeenjuumen-de.
do.in.this.way-PTCP.FUT-DATthattheft-ACTR:NOMfront-REFLonespottedthing:NOMlay-PROG-PTCP.FUT-DATcow:NOM =3:POSSsay.that-CVB.IPFVthink-CVB.PFVtheft-ACTR:NOMdo.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFVtake-PFV-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-PRSspottedthing-DAT
すると泥棒は，目の前にまだらのものが横になっているのを牝牛だと思ってつかまえた。そのまだらもようのものを。
Then, the thief was going to take a lying spotted creature, which the thief thought to be the cow, in front of him.
tii-xe-de =nbarsa-ai =noxaaald-aa,ɔdɔɔgɔɔzʲ-dɔgge-gsʲe =nnam-ajiibarʲ-zʲaidʲ-xe =jumbai-nag-eed =leom+xom gui-g-eedgui-zʲee,dabaan-da =le.
do.in.that.way-PTCP.FUT-DAT =3:POSStiger-GEN =3:POSSmindlose-PTCP.IPFVnowleak-PTCP.HBTsay.that-PTCP.ACTR =3:POSS1SG-ACCcatch-CVB.IPFVeat-PTCP.FUT =MODbe-PRSsay.that-CVB.PFV =FOCONM+ONMrun.away-E-CVB.PFVrun.away-PSTpass-DAT =FOC
するとトラはびっくりした。「『アマモリ』ってやつがおれを捕まえて食べようとしているんだ！」と慌てて逃げだした。峠へ。
Then, the tiger lost his wits and ran away toward the pass immediately since he thought that 'leaking' had attacked him (and was going) to eat (him).
zuunxɔitɔzug-te =legui-g-eege-neɔdɔɔ.
eastnorthdirection-DAT =FOCrun.away-E-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-PRSnow
峠のほうへ，北東のほうへ走って行ったそうな。
The tiger ran straight to the north-east.
terexun =sʲebahadeer-eheeona-x-ahaaarga-gui,terexolagai-sʲan.
thatman =FOCalsoabove-ABLfall-PTCP.FUT-ABLway-NEGthattheft-ACTR:NOM
その男もまた落ちてはいけない。その泥棒も。
The man, the thief, was on the tiger's back, (but did) not fall off the tiger.
ii-g-eedjab-zʲa =lebai-nage-ne.
do.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFVgo-CVB.IPFV =FOCbe-PRSsay.that-PRS
こうして走って行ったそうな。
In this way, they kept going.
tʲeedjab-ahaarjab-aadnʲeleenxɔlgui-g-ee =jum =buddee.
thengo-CVB.DURgo-CVB.PFVfairlyfarrun.away-E-PTCP.IPFV =MOD =SFP
そして遠くまで走ったんだと。
They kept running far away.
ii-g-eednegegazar-taxur-xe-de =nɔdɔɔzɔn-oodbuhel-eedbarsa-jii =nbarʲ-zʲaab-aage-ne.
do.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFVoneplace-DATreach-PTCP.FUT-DAT =3:POSSnowpeople-PL:NOMbind.with.a.rope-CVB.PFVtiger-ACC =3:POSScatch-CVB.IPFVtake-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-PRS
そしてある場所に着くと，そこで待ち構えていた人々にトラは縛り上げられてしまったそうな。
When they reached a country, the tiger was caught with a rope by some people.
ɔdɔɔjumbɔd-zʲɔbai-xamed-xe-guiɔdɔɔonaa-jii =tnijaa-xa =bge-xe-de =nhuul-ii =nɔtɔl-ɔɔdtabʲ-sʲxʲag-eege-ne.
nowthing:INDFthink-CVB.IPFVbe-PTCP.FUTknow-PTCP.FUT-NEGnowride-ACC =2SG.HON:POSSdo.what-PTCP.FUT =Qsay.that-PTCP.FUT-DAT =3:POSStail-ACC =3:POSScut.up.shortly-CVB.PFVset-PFV(2SG.IMP)say.that-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-PRS
混乱している泥棒に人々は「あなたが乗ってきたこいつをどうしますか？」と尋ね，尻尾を切って逃がせと言ったそうな。
Now, the people said to the thief, who was confused, 'What shall we do with your ride?' And the thief said with confusion, 'Let's set the tiger free after cutting off his tail.'
huul-ii =nɔtɔl-ɔɔdbars-aatabʲ-aa.
tail-ACC =3:POSScut.up.shortly-CVB.PFVtiger-REFLset-PTCP.IPFV
尻尾を切ってトラを放した。
They set the tiger (free) after cutting off his tail.
tʲeednegegazar-aixaantɔgtɔ-xɔ-gui,xaanhoo-bal ux-eed =lebai-na.
thenoneplace-GENking:NOMsettle-PTCP.FUT-NEGking:NOMsit-CVB.CONDdie-CVB.PFV =FOCbe-PRS
そしてある地の，王が定まらない。その地では誰かが王位につくと死んでばかりいる。
In that place, there was no king. If a person ascends the throne, he will die.
ii-g-eedɔdɔɔabral-sʲanuzel-sʲenxel-ee =sʲetee.bar+oordazug-ehee =tneibarsaona-hanxunirʲ-nee.
do.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFVnowhelp-ACTR:NOMprophecy-ACTR:NOMtell-PTCP.IPFV =SFPwest+southdirection-ABL =2PL:POSStiger:INDFride-PTCP.PFVmancome-PRS
すると占い師は言ったそうな。「南西からトラに乗った人が来る」
Then, the people said, 'The prophet told us that a man who rides the tiger will come from the south-west.'
teretanaixaanbɔl-nɔɔge-zʲe.
that2PL:GENking:NOMbecome-PRSsay.that-CVB.IPFV
「それがあなたがたの王になる」と。
'He is your king' (the prophet) said.
ii-g-eedbarsaona-hanjagterexolagai-sʲantaar-x-aar =inɔdɔɔmanaixaanir-beg-eedbarsa-jii =nbarʲ-aadenexun-iijiɔdɔɔxaanhoo-lga-na.
do.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFVtigerfall-PTCP.PFVjustthattheft-ACTR:NOMcorrespond-PTCP.FUT =3:POSSnow1SG:GENking:NOMcome-PSTsay.that-CVB.PFVtiger-ACC =3:POSScatch-CVB.PFVthisman-ACCnowking:INDFsit-CAUS-PRS
そしてトラに乗ったまさにその泥棒が来たので，われわれの王が来たとトラを捕まえてその男を王につかせようとしている。
The thief riding a tiger answered to the prophecy. 'He must be our king,' they said. We must crown him king of the country.
enexolagai-sʲanɔdɔɔ megde-zʲai-nage-ne.
thistheft-ACTR:NOMnow be.confused-PROG-PRSsay.that-PRS
泥棒はさあ困ってしまった。
This thief was so confused.
ɔdɔɔjaa-na =bʲg-eesʲexaanhoo-zʲabiijaa-zʲasʲad-xa =bʲ =jum.
nowdo.what-PRS =1SGsay.that-CVB.CNCSking:INDFsit-CVB.IPFV1SG:NOMdo.what-CVB.IPFVbe.able.to-PTCP.FUT =1SG =MOD
どうしたものか。王になんてなれるわけがない。
'What will I do? However, if I become the king, what can I do?'
zaalhaahoohoo-xa =tg-eed =lexel-eedgar-g-aage-ne.
mustsit(2SG:IMP)sit-PTCP.FUT =2PLsay.that-CVB.PFV =FOCtell-CVB.PFVgo.out-CAUS-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-PRES
「必ず王になってください」と言っているそうな。
'You must ascend the throne,' they said and took him.
ii-g-eedterexun =sʲnihunʲbɔl-g-ɔɔd =leteriil-ee.
do.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFVthatman:NOM =2SG:POSSnightbecome-CAUS-CVB.PFV =FOCrun.away-PTCP.IPFV
そしてその男は夜になってから逃げ出した。
The man ran away in the night.
biijaa-zʲaxaanhoo-xa =b =bi,xolagai-sʲanxun.
1SG:NOMdo.what-CVB.IPFVking:INDFsit-PTCP.FUT =Q =1SGtheft-ACTRman:NOM
おれは王になんてなれない。泥棒なんだ。
How will I ascend the throne? the thief (asked himself).
hunʲteriil-eedjab-zʲai-tarnegeɔlɔnbarsataar-aage-ne.
nightrun.away-CVB.PFVgo-PROG-CVB.TERMonemanytiger:INDFencounter-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-PRS
夜逃げているとトラの群れに出会ってしまったそうな。
Running away in the night, he encountered many tigers.
tʲii-xe-de =nmegd-eedai-g-aadmɔdɔndeereabʲr-aadbai-zʲai-g-aage-ne.
do.in.that.way-PTCP.FUT-DAT =3:POSSbe.confused-CVB.PFVfear-E-CVB.PFVwoodaboveclimb-CVB.PFVbe-PROG-E-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-PRS
これまた驚いて男は木の上に逃げたそうな。
He was surprised with fear and climbed up a tree.
ii-xe-de =nterebarsa =sʲeir-eednegenegendeeredeesʲ-eegar-zʲai-nage-ne.
do.in.this.way-PTCP.FUT-DAT =3:POSSthattiger:NOM =FOCcome-CVB.PFVoneoneaboveup-REFLgo.out-PROG-PRSsay.that-PRS
するとトラたちは一頭また一頭と積み重なって上ってきた。
Then, the tigers came to him and piled up on each other.
bejebejedeer-eezɔgs-ɔɔd,ɔdɔɔenexun-dexur-x-eebai-na.
bodybodyabove-REFLstand-CVB.PFVnowthisman-DATreach-PTCP.FUT-REFLbe-PRS
一頭の上に一頭が乗り，またその上に，となって男に届きそうになっている。
The tigers piled up on each other one by one. Now, they almost reach the man.
ɔdɔɔai-zʲai-na.
nowfear-PROG-PRS
とてもおそろしい。
(He) feel (so much) fear.
tʲeedgentexara-nge-henxamag-aidɔrzɔgsɔ-hɔnjumbai-nage-ne.
thensuddenlywatch-CVB.CNTXsay.that-PTCP.PFVall-GENunderstand-PTCP.PFVthing:NOMbe-PRSsay.that-PRS
そのときふと見ると一番下に立っているやつがいる。
However, suddenly he found what was at the bottom of the tigers' pile.
huul-ii =nɔgtɔr-hɔnoodambarsabai-zʲai-g-aage-ne.
tail-ACC =3:POSScut.up.shortly-PTCP.PFVbigtiger:NOMbe-PROG-E-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-PRS
それが尻尾が短い大きなトラだったそうな。
That was the short-tailed big tiger.
aa,tʲii-x-eer =interexel-ee.
INTJdo.in.that.way-PTCP.FUT-INS =3:POSSthat:NOMtell-PTCP.IPFV
ああ，そして彼は言った。
Oh, then he told (the tiger).
aa,sʲiioodambarsaendebai(-na) =sʲge-xe-de =letereenɔdɔɔmunɵɵ-xʲegɔɔzʲ-dɔg =mnig-eed =le.
INTJ2SG:NOMbigtigerherebe-PRS =2SGsay.that-PTCP.FUT-DAT =FOC3SG:NOMnowcertain-EXSTleak-PTCP.HBT =1SG:POSSsay.that-CVB.PFV =FOC
「ああ，大きなトラよ，お前はここにいたのか。そのあれだ，俺は例の『あまもり』だぞ」
'Oh, you, the big tiger, are you here? I am 'leaking,' he said.'
gui-zʲeɔrxʲɔ-xɔ-dɔ =ndeere-xʲebars-oosʲa =nbahaon-aad =leɔdɔɔjunbɔl-bɔg-eesʲebɔltɔdax-aadxoogui-ld-eedjab-sʲ-ɔɔge-ne.
run.away-CVB.IPFVabandon-PTCP.FUT-DAT =3:POSSabove-EXSTtiger-PL =3:POSSalsofall-CVB.PFV =FOCnowwhat:NOMbecome-PSTsay.that-CVB.CNCSwholebe.contagious-CVB.PFVperfectlyrun.away-RCP-CVB.PFVgo-PFV-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-PRS
（トラは）逃げ出した。上に乗っていたトラたちもまた落ちて何が起こったのかと皆走り去ってしまったそうな。
The tiger ran away. Then, the other tigers above the tiger also ran away together.
ii-g-eedenexun,amʲ-aagar-aa =sʲetee.
do.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFVthisman:NOMlife-REFLgo.out-PTCP.IPFV =SFP
こうしてこの男は助かったよ。
In this way, the man survived.
tʲii-g-eerterezɔnbahabidʲer-eedɔl-zʲɔab-aa =jum =buddee.
do.in.that.way-E-INSthatpeople:NOMalsosearch-CVB.PFVfind-CVB.IPFVtake-PTCP.IPFV =MOD =SFP
すると人々がまた探しに来て見つけたんだ。
Then the people found him again and took him to the country.
zaalhaaxaanhooge-zʲe.
mustking:INDFsit(2SG:IMP)say.that-CVB.IPFV
「必ず王になってください」と。
'You must be a king!' (they) said.
ii-g-eedjab-ahaar =inxolagai-sʲanterenegegazar-aixaanbɔl-sʲ-ɔɔge-ne.
do.in.this.way-E-CVB.PFVgo-CONC =3:POSStheft-ACTR:NOMthatoneplace-GENking:NOMbecome-PFV-PTCP.IPFVsay.that-PRS
こうして，泥棒はその土地の王になってしまったそうな。
In this way, the thief ascended the throne.
山越康裕/ YAMAKOSHI, Yasuhiro
東京外国語大学AA研
ILCAA, TUFS
トップページ / Top > テネグ・タリブ / Teneg Talib
